What is an IUI treatment?
Intrauterine insemination (IUI), also known as artificial insemination, is a fertility treatment that helps increase pregnancy chances for those struggling to conceive. Prepared sperm is carefully placed directly into the uterus around ovulation, improving the likelihood of fertilising the egg. IUI treatment is often used for couples with unexplained infertility, mild male fertility, or cervical problems, and for single women and same-sex female couples using donor sperm. Compared to IVF, it is more affordable, less invasive (similar to a pap smear), and quicker.
For couples experiencing mild male factor fertility challenges, as well as single women or same-sex female couples using donor sperm, IUI is a commonly used fertility treatment that can help increase the chances of conception. Thanks to advancements in reproductive medicine, the procedure is less invasive and more affordable than IVF. Partnering with an experienced clinic like Genea Fertility can provide expert guidance and support, helping to maximise the possibility of a successful pregnancy.
IUI vs IVF: Which fertility treatment is right for you?
Because every woman’s circumstances are unique, not all fertility treatments are the perfect fit. As such, it is beneficial to study the differences between the IUI procedure and IVF (In-vitro fertilisation):
- Invasiveness and procedure: IUI is less invasive, using minimal medication to place prepared sperm directly into the uterus around ovulation. IVF involves ovarian stimulation, egg retrieval, fertilisation of egg with sperm and embryo development within the laboratory, and embryo transfer, requiring more clinic visits and often anaesthetic.
- Success rates: Depending on age and fertility health, IUI success rates are approximately 12% per cycle, whereas IVF success rates are at about 40–50% (for women under 35).*
- Cost: IUI cost is significantly lower than IVF, but both treatments are eligible for Medicare rebates.
- Suitability: IUI suits younger women with mild male factor fertility issues, single women, and same-sex female couples. IVF is best with more complex fertility challenges such as blocked or damaged fallopian tubes, severe male infertility, advanced maternal age, or genetic concerns.
Read more about the differences between IUI and IVF here
Timeline of IUI treatment: What to expect?
Typically, one IUI cycle takes about the same duration as one menstrual cycle to be completed. At the start, you will meet with a fertility specialist to review your medical history, prior fertility tests, and lifestyle factors that may influence fertility.
Prior to determining that IUI is the appropriate step, a complete work up of both you (and your partner) is necessary. This will include blood tests, ultrasound, and semen analysis. From day 1 to 14 of your menstrual cycle, you will have 2 - 4 ultrasounds and blood tests to track follicle growth and hormone levels to time ovulation accurately. Once the dominant follicle is mature (usually day 14–16 of your cycle), sperm will be prepared and directly inserted into the uterus. Post-IUI, there is a 2-week waiting time, with a blood test confirming implantation.
The IUI Treatment process (step by step guide)
Fertility treatments often feel overwhelming and confusing, but our step-by-step IUI process is designed to bring you clarity and confidence. A typical procedure may include:
- Ovulation monitoring & stimulation (Day 1–14 of your cycle): To identify the optimal time for insemination, you will complete blood tests to measure hormone levels and ultrasounds to track follicle development. Ovulation induction medication may be prescribed to stimulate ovulation.
- Sperm collection & preparation: A semen sample is collected via masturbation and washed in our lab to remove seminal fluid and concentrate healthy sperm to boost prior cryostored sperm can be used.
- Insemination (IUI procedure): In the clinic, the woman will have a speculum inserted into her vagina. Prepared sperm is directly transferred into the uterus via a catheter (a small, thin tube), entering the opening of her cervix. This procedure is quick and similar to a pap smear; anaesthesia is usually not required.
- Post-insemination care & waiting period: Hormone support may be provided to help maintain the uterine lining. Daily routines may continue as normal, and a healthy lifestyle is encouraged. There is a 2-week wait before blood tests confirm pregnancy.
IUI success rate: How effective is IUI treatment?
Generally, the IUI success rate in Australia is approximately 10–20% per cycle, which may be increased with ovulation induction medicine. After 6 cycles, the cumulative rate can rise to 60–70%. Furthermore, IUI tends to be more successful for women under 35 with mild infertility and a healthy ovarian reserve. Conditions like blocked fallopian tubes, PCOS, and endometriosis can decrease conception chances.
IUI cost & price: How much does IUI treatment cost?
The typical IUI cost per cycle is more affordable than IVF, and usually includes consultations, ultrasounds, blood tests, semen preparation, insemination, and luteal phase support. Additional costs may be expected when medication for ovulation induction is prescribed.
Medicare rebates are available, and some Private Health Insurance providers may cover aspects of the treatment. It is best to contact them before proceeding with your treatment. Genea Fertility offers flexible payment plans to help you get started. Our talented team is here to assist you and provide further information.
Risks & considerations in IUI treatment
Although IUI treatment is a safe fertility procedure, there are a few risks and side effects to consider. Some women experience mild cramping during or after insemination (similar to menstrual cramps), minor vaginal spotting. When ovulation induction medication is prescribed, there is an increased risk of multiple pregnancies.
In very rare circumstances, the insertion of the catheter may cause infection, but sterile techniques make this uncommon. Finally, IUI can be emotionally challenging, especially if multiple cycles are required. Counselling or relaxation techniques can help reduce stress and anxiety.
Genea Fertility prioritises the health of our patients, providing excellent care to minimise these risks with regular monitoring, tailored treatment plans, and expert guidance.
How to prepare for IUI: Essential steps before starting treatment
To increase your chances of pregnancy, there are several lifestyle and medical preparations you can undertake.
- Make sure you have completed necessary fertility tests, such as hormone levels, ovarian reserve, and semen analysis, to determine candidacy.
- Speak with a fertility specialist to discuss IUI success rates and expectations, as well as emotional and financial aspects of fertility treatment.
- Aim for a healthy BMI weight, as both underweight and overweight can affect fertility and medication response.
- Eat a balanced diet focusing on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein, and healthy fats.
- Drink plenty of water to support overall reproductive health, and limit alcohol and caffeine intake.
- Quit smoking and avoid recreational drugs.
- Moderate physical activity is beneficial, but avoid excessive or intense workouts right before ovulation.
- Practice relaxation techniques to manage stress and anxiety.
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